Remote MCP endpoints: a seeded sample

Snapshot 2026-10-29 07:34 UTC · probe run 07:46–07:52 UTC · read-only, no credentials

500servers sampled from 34,190
63.2%clean anonymous handshake (95% CI 58.9–67.3)
24.6%auth-gated by design (95% CI 21.0–28.6)
11.6%unobservable (UNKNOWN / timeout)

What was measured

FrameOfficial MCP Registry, version=latest, status active, at least one remote URL. 34,190 servers on 2026-10-29.
Frame SHA-256519cd54b22a76e5f2d9d15ffc354e604ffa6c06cf30111873f6f3c480361ac79
Sample500 servers, seed 20261029, canonical sort by registry name, partial Fisher–Yates with mulberry32, first listed remote URL per server.
Sample SHA-256ecdd2b1a596fb520203d2a029bb9389154c6c6585ac18133275ba0159738238c
Instrument@eidonze/mcpreflight@0.5.0, local copy 0.5.0+audit.1: passes Mcp-Session-Id to tools/list, body cap 1 MiB → 8 MiB, keeps 401/403 AUTH_GATED classification.
RequestsExactly two JSON-RPC calls per endpoint: initialize, tools/list. 10 s timeout, no retry, redirects not followed, no credentials, no tool calls, no payment.

Results

StatusCountShare95% Wilson CIMeaning
PASS31663.2%58.9–67.3%valid initialize result and tools/list array
AUTH_GATED12324.6%21.0–28.6%401/403 with Bearer challenge; 108 had live RFC 9728 metadata
UNKNOWN / TIMEOUT5811.6%—DNS/TLS failure, refused connection, or placeholder URL in the registry row
FAIL30.6%—2xx response without a valid initialize result or tools/list array

AUTH_GATED is not a failure. In the 2026-10-11 page these endpoints were folded into a single “no anonymous handshake” bucket, which made the number look worse and hid the reason.

Sensitivity check

The 58 unobservable endpoints were re-probed once about ten minutes later with the same instrument: 1 passed, 57 stayed unobservable. Including it would move 316/500 to 317/500 (63.4%). The primary result stays 316/500; the retry is reported separately, not merged.

What this number is not

Why the previous claim is withdrawn

The 2026-10-11 page said “every active server with a remote (HTTP) transport in the official MCP Registry, 9,991”. On the same date an independent census of the same registry reports 41,510 active servers, 26,692 of them remote-capable; on 2026-10-29 the registry has 34,190 remote-capable active servers. No dedupe rule approaches 9,991 (exact URL 34,937, normalized 34,151, host 25,507). The figure cannot be reproduced from public data, so it is treated as an undocumented subset, not a population.

Read the frame audit

Data

Limitations

Reproduce

Inputs and outputs are deterministic from the same registry snapshot and the same seed. The three scripts used were local copies; they are not published here yet because the source repository is temporarily unavailable.

Produced by mcpreflight. Read-only trust checks for MCP and x402 endpoints. No third party has recomputed these numbers.